| 1 |
Short title. | Read |
| 2 |
[Repealed.]. | Read |
| 3 |
Interpretation-clause. | Read |
| 4 |
May Presume. Shall presume.Conclusive proof | Read |
| 5 |
Evidence may be given of facts in issue and relevant facts. | Read |
| 6 |
Relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction. | Read |
| 7 |
Facts which are the occasion, cause or effect of facts in issue. | Read |
| 8 |
Motive, preparation and previous or subsequent conduct. | Read |
| 9 |
Facts necessary to explain or introduce relevant facts. | Read |
| 10 |
Things said or done by conspirator in reference to common design. | Read |
| 11 |
When facts not otherwise relevant become relevant. | Read |
| 12 |
In suits for damages, facts tending to enable Court to determine amount are relevant. | Read |
| 13 |
Facts relevant when right or custom is in question. | Read |
| 14 |
Facts showing existence of state of mind, or of body, or bodily feeling. | Read |
| 15 |
Facts bearing on question whether act was accidental or intentional. | Read |
| 16 |
Existence of course of business when relevant. | Read |
| 17 |
Admission defined. | Read |
| 18 |
Admission –– by party to proceeding or his agent; by suitor in representative character; by party interested in subject-matter; by person from whom interest derived. | Read |
| 19 |
Admissions by persons whose position must be proved as against party to suit. | Read |
| 20 |
Admissions by persons expressly referred to by party to suit. | Read |
| 21 |
Proof of admissions against persons making them, and by or on their behalf. | Read |
| 22 |
When oral admissions as to contents of documents are relevant. | Read |
| 22A |
When oral admission as to contents of electronic records are relevant. | Read |
| 23 |
Admissions in civil cases when relevant. | Read |
| 24 |
Confession caused by inducement, threat or promise, when irrelevant in criminal proceeding. | Read |
| 25 |
Confession to police-officer not to be proved. | Read |
| 26 |
Confession by accused while in custody of Police not to be proved against him. | Read |
| 27 |
How much of information received from accused, may be proved. | Read |
| 28 |
Confession made after removal of impression caused by inducement, threat or promise, relevant. | Read |
| 29 |
Confession otherwise relevant not to become irrelevant because of promise of secrecy, etc. | Read |
| 30 |
Consideration of proved confession affecting person making it and others jointly under trial for same offence. | Read |
| 31 |
Admissions not conclusive proof, but may estop. | Read |
| 32 |
Cases in which statement of relevant fact by person who is dead or cannot be found, etc., is relevant. When it relates to cause of death; or is made in course of business; or against interest of maker; or gives opinion as to public right or custom, or matters of general interest; or relates to existence of relationship; or is made in will or deed relating to family affairs; or in document relating to transaction mentioned in section 13, clause (a); or is made by several persons, and expresses feelings relevant to matter in question. | Read |
| 33 |
Relevancy of certain evidence for proving, in subsequent proceeding, the truth of facts therein stated. | Read |
| 34 |
Entries in books of account when relevant. | Read |
| 35 |
Relevancy of entry in public record made in performance of duty. | Read |
| 36 |
Relevancy of statements in maps, charts and plans. | Read |
| 37 |
Relevancy of statement as to fact of public nature contained in certain Acts or notifications. | Read |
| 38 |
Relevancy of statements as to any law contained in law-books. | Read |
| 39 |
What evidence to be given when statement forms part of a conversation, document, electronic record, book or series of letters or papers. | Read |
| 40 |
Previous judgments relevant to bar a second suit or trial. | Read |
| 41 |
Relevancy of certain judgments in probate, etc., jurisdiction. | Read |
| 42 |
Relevancy and effect of judgments, orders or decrees, other than those mentioned in section 41. | Read |
| 43 |
Judgments, etc., other than those mentioned in sections 40, 41 and 42, when relevant. | Read |
| 44 |
Fraud or collusion in obtaining judgment, or incompetency of Court, may be proved. | Read |
| 45 |
Opinions of experts. | Read |
| 45A |
Opinion of Examiner of Electronic Evidence. | Read |
| 46 |
Facts bearing upon opinions of experts. | Read |
| 47 |
Opinion as to handwriting, when relevant. | Read |
| 47A |
Opinion as to digital signature, when relevant. | Read |
| 48 |
Opinion as to existence of right or custom, when relevant. | Read |
| 49 |
Opinion as to usages, tenets, etc., when relevant. | Read |
| 50 |
Opinion on relationship, when relevant. | Read |
| 51 |
Grounds of opinion, when relevant. | Read |
| 52 |
In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant. | Read |
| 53 |
In criminal cases previous good character relevant. | Read |
| 53A |
Evidence of character or previous sexual experience not relevant in certain cases. | Read |
| 54 |
Previous bad character not relevant, except in reply. | Read |
| 55 |
Character as affecting damages. | Read |
| 56 |
Fact judicially noticeable need not be proved. | Read |
| 57 |
Facts of which Court must take judicial notice. | Read |
| 58 |
Facts admitted need not be proved. | Read |
| 59 |
Proof of facts by oral evidence. | Read |
| 60 |
Oral evidence must be direct. | Read |
| 61 |
Proof of contents of documents. | Read |
| 62 |
Primary evidence. | Read |
| 63 |
Secondary evidence. | Read |
| 64 |
Proof of documents by primary evidence. | Read |
| 65 |
Cases in which secondary evidence relating to documents may be given. | Read |
| 65A |
Special provisions as to evidence relating to electronic record. | Read |
| 65B |
Admissibility of electronic records. | Read |
| 66 |
Rules as to notice to produce. | Read |
| 67 |
Proof of signature and handwriting of person alleged to have signed or written document produced. | Read |
| 67A |
Proof as to electronic signature. | Read |
| 68 |
Proof of execution of document required by law to be attested. | Read |
| 69 |
Proof where no attesting witness found. | Read |
| 70 |
Admission of execution by party to attested document. | Read |
| 71 |
Proof when attesting witness denies the execution. | Read |
| 72 |
Proof of document not required by law to be attested. | Read |
| 73 |
Comparison of signature, writing or seal with others admitted or proved. | Read |
| 73A |
Proof as to verification of digital signature. | Read |
| 74 |
Public documents. | Read |
| 75 |
Private documents. | Read |
| 76 |
Certified copies of public documents. | Read |
| 77 |
Proof of documents by production of certified copies. | Read |
| 78 |
Proof of other official documents. | Read |
| 79 |
Presumption as to genuineness of certified copies. | Read |
| 80 |
Presumption as to documents produced as record of evidence. | Read |
| 81 |
Presumption as to Gazettes, newspapers, private Acts of Parliament and other documents. | Read |
| 81A |
Presumption as to Gazettes in electronic forms. | Read |
| 82 |
Presumption as to document admissible in England without proof of seal or signature. | Read |
| 83 |
Presumption as to maps or plans made by authority of Government. | Read |
| 84 |
Presumption as to collections of laws and reports of decisions. | Read |
| 85 |
Presumptions as to powers-of-attorney. | Read |
| 85A |
Presumption as to electronic agreements. | Read |
| 85B |
Presumption as to electronic records and electronic signatures. | Read |
| 85C |
Presumption as to Electronic Signature Certificates. | Read |
| 86 |
Presumption as to certified copies of foreign judicial records. | Read |
| 87 |
Presumption as to books, maps and charts. | Read |
| 88 |
Presumption as to telegraphic messages. | Read |
| 88A |
Presumption as to electronic messages. | Read |
| 89 |
Presumption as to due execution, etc., of documents not produced. | Read |
| 90 |
Presumption as to documents thirty years old. | Read |
| 90A |
Presumption as to electronic records five years old. | Read |
| 91 |
Evidence of terms of contracts, grants and other dispositions of property reduced to form of document. | Read |
| 92 |
Exclusion of evidence of oral agreement. | Read |
| 93 |
Exclusion of evidence to explain or amend ambiguous document. | Read |
| 94 |
Exclusion of evidence against application of document to existing facts. | Read |
| 95 |
Evidence as to document unmeaning in reference to existing facts. | Read |
| 96 |
Evidence as to application of language which can apply to one only of several persons. | Read |
| 97 |
Evidence as to application of language to one of two sets of facts, to neither of which the whole correctly applies. | Read |
| 98 |
Evidence as to meaning of illegible characters, etc. | Read |
| 99 |
Who may give evidence of agreement varying terms of document. | Read |
| 100 |
Saving of provisions of Indian Succession Act relating to wills. | Read |
| 101 |
Burden of proof. | Read |
| 102 |
On whom burden of proof lies. | Read |
| 103 |
Burden of proof as to particular fact. | Read |
| 104 |
Burden of proving fact to be proved to make evidence admissible. | Read |
| 105 |
Burden of proving that case of accused comes within exceptions. | Read |
| 106 |
Burden of proving fact especially within knowledge. | Read |
| 107 |
Burden of proving death of person known to have been alive within thirty years. | Read |
| 108 |
Burden of proving that person is alive who has not been heard of for seven years. | Read |
| 109 |
Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of partners, landlord and tenant, principal and agent. | Read |
| 110 |
Burden of proof as to ownership. | Read |
| 111 |
Proof of good faith in transactions where one party is in relation of active confidence. | Read |
| 111A |
Presumption as to certain offences. | Read |
| 112 |
Birth during marriage, conclusive proof of legitimacy. | Read |
| 113 |
Proof of cession of territory. | Read |
| 113A |
Presumption as to abetment of suicide by a married woman. | Read |
| 113B |
Presumption as to dowry death. | Read |
| 114 |
Court may presume existence of certain facts. | Read |
| 114A |
Presumption as to absence of consent in certain prosecution for rape | Read |
| 115 |
Estoppel. | Read |
| 116 |
Estoppel of tenants and of licensee of person in possession. | Read |
| 117 |
Estoppel of acceptor of bill of exchange, bailee or licensee. | Read |
| 118 |
Who may testify. | Read |
| 119 |
Witness unable to communicate verbally. | Read |
| 120 |
Parties to civil suit, and their wives or husbands. Husband or wife of person under criminal trial. | Read |
| 121 |
Judges and Magistrates. | Read |
| 122 |
Communications during marriage. | Read |
| 123 |
Evidence as to affairs of State. | Read |
| 124 |
Official communications. | Read |
| 125 |
Information as to commission of offences. | Read |
| 126 |
Professional communications. | Read |
| 127 |
Section 126 to apply to interpreters, etc. | Read |
| 128 |
Privilege not waived by volunteering evidence. | Read |
| 129 |
Confidential communications with legal advisers. | Read |
| 130 |
Production of title-deeds of witness not a party. | Read |
| 131 |
Production of documents or electronic records which another person, having possession, could refuse to produce. | Read |
| 132 |
Witness not excused from answering on ground that answer will criminate. | Read |
| 133 |
Accomplice. | Read |
| 134 |
Number of witnesses. | Read |
| 135 |
Order of production and examination of witnesses. | Read |
| 136 |
Judge to decide as to admissibility of evidence. | Read |
| 137 |
Examination-in-chief. | Read |
| 138 |
Order of examinations. | Read |
| 139 |
Cross-examination of person called to produce a document. | Read |
| 140 |
Witnesses to character. | Read |
| 141 |
Leading questions. | Read |
| 142 |
When they must not be asked. | Read |
| 143 |
When they may be asked. | Read |
| 144 |
Evidence as to matters in writing. | Read |
| 145 |
Cross-examination as to previous statements in writing. | Read |
| 146 |
Questions lawful in cross-examination. | Read |
| 147 |
When witness to be compelled to answer. | Read |
| 148 |
Court to decide when question shall be asked and when witness compelled to answer. | Read |
| 149 |
Question not to be asked without reasonable grounds. | Read |
| 150 |
Procedure of Court in case of question being asked without reasonable grounds. | Read |
| 151 |
Indecent and scandalous questions. | Read |
| 152 |
Questions intended to insult or annoy. | Read |
| 153 |
Exclusion of evidence to contradict answers to questions testing veracity. | Read |
| 154 |
Question by party to his own witness. | Read |
| 155 |
Impeaching credit of witness. | Read |
| 156 |
Questions tending to corroborate evidence of relevant fact, admissible. | Read |
| 157 |
Former statements of witness may be proved to corroborate later testimony as to same fact. | Read |
| 158 |
What matters may be proved in connection with proved statement relevant under section 32 or 33. | Read |
| 159 |
Refreshing memory. | Read |
| 160 |
Testimony to facts stated in document mentioned in section159. | Read |
| 161 |
Right of adverse party as to writing used to refresh memory. | Read |
| 162 |
Production of documents. | Read |
| 163 |
Giving, as evidence, of document called for and produced on notice. | Read |
| 164 |
Using, as evidence, of document production of which was refused on notice. | Read |
| 165 |
Judge’s power to put questions or order production. | Read |
| 166 |
Power of jury or assessors to put questions. | Read |
| 167 |
No new trial for improper admission or rejection of evidence. | Read |
