(1) The Institution shall not make any loan or advance on the security of its own bonds or debentures.
     (2) The Institution shall not make loans or advances to any person or body of persons of which any of the directors of the Institution is a proprietor, partner, director, employee or guarantor, or in which one or more directors of the Institution hold substantial interest.
    (3) Sub-section (2) shall not apply to any borrower if any director of the Institution is nominated by the Institution or the Central Government as director on the Board of such borrower or is elected on the Board of such borrower by virtue of shares held in the borrower by the Institution.
     Explanation.-- For the purpose of this section, “substantial interest” in relation to a borrower, means the beneficial interest held by one or more of the directors of the Institution or by any relative of such director as defined in clause (77) of section 2 of the Companies Act, 2013 (18 of 2013) whether singly or taken together, in the shares of the borrower, and the aggregate amount paid-up on which either exceeds fifty lakhs rupees or two per cent. of the paid-up share capital of the borrower, whichever is lesser or such other threshold as may be prescribed.